The grapes Blagovest became known to Russian gardeners quite recently. It appeared thanks to the efforts of Novocherkassk amateur breeder V. Krainov, during the crossing of popular table varieties - Kishmish Radiant and Talisman. This variety was one of the first in a series of varieties created by this author known today.
Blagovest grapes were appreciated by professional gardeners. They noted the fecundity, high yield, excellent taste and attractive appearance of the new variety. In this article we describe in detail the Blagovest grapes. You will learn about the secrets of its cultivation and how to care for the plant, so that it pleased stable yields.
Planting grapes
The description of the Blagovest grape, given by its author, says that it is a root-rooted form, with a well-developed root system. Before planting, shorten too long roots of the seedling so that they are no longer than fifteen centimeters in length. After that, prepare the landing pits. For each bush, it should be 80 x 80 x 80 cm.
Pits should be filled with top dressing. Make it easy: mix the top layer of soil, humus, ash, superphosphate. Pour the bottom of the pit with this mixture. Top dressing is tamped down and a shrub is placed in a hole, a second layer of top dressing is placed on top. After that, the pit is filled with soil. The distance between the bushes should be at least two meters.
Immediately after planting, the seedling is watered abundantly. Then watering is done every fourteen days through grooves, which are made in a circle. Their depth should be about fifteen centimeters. Under one young bush it is necessary to pour at least fifty liters of water. In the second year, the seedling is watered five times a season. If in winter there was a lot of precipitation, then as long as the plant does not start moving the juice, it can do without watering.
After a snowless winter, the bushes need to compensate for the missing moisture - about 60 liters. The next watering is carried out three weeks before the crop ripens, and then before the leaves fall off. The last watering of the season should be more abundant than the previous ones: it is necessary to give the plant 70 liters of water before the onset of winter.
Shrubs with their own roots, are characterized by strong growth. The buds, which are located at the base of the shoots, characterized by increased fruitfulness. Blagovest grapes (you can see the photo below) is famous for giving a harvest even on stepchildren.
Standard guidelines have not been developed for trimming this hybrid form: you can trim any number of holes - by 2-4, by 8-10. It should be borne in mind that each bush should have no more than 35 eyes. For beginners in viticulture, who first planted Blagovest, it will be a surprise that this plant is capable of producing 3-4 inflorescences at once. This suggests that the variety has a tendency to overload the crop.
How can I load a bush?
This property has its advantages - high yields, and minuses - Blagovest grapes require careful maintenance. This variety is not for lazy gardeners, so some winegrowers prefer something less whimsical. But if you are determined to seriously engage in this type, it is necessary to take into account all the factors of cultivation. It should either be rationed yield, or come to grips with agricultural issues.
Gardeners have the right to decide for themselves how much they should leave their brushes, but if you decide to leave everything, then you need to prepare for a number of possible consequences of such a decision: the ripe berries may be smaller, not have the inherent musk shade on the palate, the clusters may ripen unevenly and rather slowly .
In order to prevent this, it is necessary to work hard in the summer and fulfill a number of conditions: remove unnecessary shoots and unnecessary buds. So that the fruits do not lose their good presentation, remove some berries, so the clusters will not be so thick and more attractive.
Breeding
Blagovest grapes perfectly rooted cuttings. However, most gardeners prefer reproduction by grafting. For stock it is necessary to choose varieties that are resistant to phylloxera, vigorous. Most hybrids begin to bear fruit only three years after disembarkation, and Blagovest in this case is no exception.
Experienced winegrowers recommend that the young plant not be too heavy - up to five years leave only one bunch on the sprout.
Dangerous diseases
The table hybrid Blagovest is rather steady against the majority of diseases, extremely seldom gives in to rot. There are only two common diseases that occur in this grape form, oidium and mildew. These are quite dangerous for the vine diseases that need to be treated, but it is better to take preventive measures.
Mildew usually attacks the green areas. White oily discharges are noticeable on the plant. Without treatment, it will dry out rapidly and eventually die. To prevent this disease, it is important to choose the right place for planting a bush - a section with constant air circulation. In addition, it is necessary to monitor the growth of shoots, leaves, avoiding thickening.
If the disease is still manifested, then no chemicals can do. Bordeaux liquid can be used, which is sprayed with a plant. The solution should be 1-2%.
Another dangerous disease is oidium. It spreads to the green part of the plant, gradually grabbing clusters, berries. With the defeat of oidium berries burst and become dry. The treatment of this disease is simple: remove all weeds, remnants of the vine from the bush. It is necessary to ensure that the bushes are ventilated, for this not to do without high-quality air circulation, thinning of the vines. Treat oidium with ground or colloidal sulfur.
Grapes Blagovest: reviews gardeners
This variety is perfect for growing in areas with a temperate continental climate and quite frosty winters. According to experienced growers, this variety is not suitable for novice gardeners, because it requires careful maintenance. Well, for those who already have experience in growing table varieties, this is an ideal choice: fruitful, with excellent taste, which has long preserved marketable appearance. If you take care of the fruits correctly, Blagovest will long please you with stable crops.
Merits
- High resistance to various diseases
- Excellent taste,
- High yields,
- Early ripening,
- Good resistance to frost, can withstand temperatures down to -22 o C,
- Easy transportation portability
- Long shelf life.
Care and cultivation
Variety Blagovest is own-rooted form. The root system of this type must have excellent development. Before planting, it is necessary to shorten too long roots, so that as a result no more than 15 centimeters come out. Then you should dig holes - separate for each grape bush, about 80 centimeters in size and 80 centimeters in depth.
Before disembarking, the fossa must be filled with fertilizer. Make it very easy. To do this, you need to mix the top layer of soil, ash, humus, superphosphate, cover the bottom of the pit with this mixture. Feeding must be compacted. Then a bush is placed in the pit, a mixture of top dressing is placed on top, only then it is covered with soil. Between all the planted bushes need to maintain a decent distance of at least 2 meters.
After the seedling will be planted according to the above algorithm - it needs to be watered. And then produce regular abundant watering every 14 days.
It is necessary to water each bush through small depressions located in a circle, the depth of which is about 15 centimeters. One grape needs about five liters of water. If the seedling has already gone the second year, then watering is sufficient 5 times per season. If there was a large amount of precipitation in winter, then until the juice movement in the grapes starts, the plant can do without additional moisture. In the case when there was little snow in winter, each bush must be provided with the necessary amount of fluid - 60 liters.
The following watering should be no sooner than three weeks before the crop ripens and before the leaves fall.
Last season watering should be made a little more abundant, so before the onset of winter the optimal amount of liquid will be 70 liters.
The main characteristic of vines, which have their own roots - vigor. The buds are located at the base of the shoots, characterized by increased fruitfulness. Blagovest is known for the fact that it can give a harvest even on stepchildren.
There are no standard recommendations for trimming this hybrid form, you can trim any number of holes - by 8-10, by 2-4. The only point is that each bush should have no more than 35 eyes. Learn more about how pruning grapes.
For inexperienced gardeners who planted for the first time in Blagovest, the fact that the plant produces 3-4 inflorescences at once is a surprise. Then they immediately understand that this variety has a peculiarity, which consists in overloading the crop. This has its advantages - the yield potential of such a hybrid form is very high. However, many reviews say such a minus - Blagovest requires a lot of care, work on cultivation, the variety is not at all for lazy gardeners, and many winegrowers prefer something more unpretentious.
If you are seriously determined to grow this species, you should carefully prepare, take into account all the factors that may occur. Gardeners should either standardize the level of yield, or intensively address the issue of agricultural technology.
Of course, every winegrower has the right to decide for himself how many brushes he started to leave, but if he decides to leave all that is, then he should be ready for a number of possible consequences: ripe berries may be small, lack the necessary nutmeg shade, grapes may ripen slowly , uneven.
To avoid this, in the summer you should work hard, fulfill several conditions - remove unnecessary shoots, get rid of unnecessary buds. In order for the fruit to have a good presentation it is necessary to remove some berries, so the clusters will not look so thick, more appetizing.
Description of this new variety
Blagovest has light colors. They can be called medium, between light green and yellow. The berries are large, like many hybrid grapes. The weight of each berry reaches 15 grams. The taste of Blagovest is full of interesting notes. The meatiness of the berries is large and has notes of duchess and nutmeg. Wasps love to spin around the brushes of this grape, as it is very sweet. The percentage component of sugar comes to 24% with its acidity in 6-8%. The maturation of this new species may occur depending on climatic conditions.
Description in many sources confirms the fact of its reaching a mature state within 120-130 days from the moment when the plant dissolves buds. In our climate, Blagovest becomes mature in the period of mid-July to mid-August. An interesting advantage of this variety has endowed nature. In those days when the grapes are already ripe and hanging on their bushes, each brush may differ in shades of smell and taste. In some, the nutmeg shade will prevail, in others - duchessny. Balanced brushes are considered the most delicious and bright.
The grapes of Blagovest grapes can be on the bushes for a long time without losing the taste
Detailed facts about the vegetation of Blagovest
This crossed species has the following external features:
- Berry has an oval shape. The sizes are very large. The color is greenish yellow. It has a dense fleshy.
- The clusters are very beautiful and large. One bunch can reach three kilograms in weight. In shape, it can resemble a cylinder or an elongated cone.
- The flower at the gospel has both sexes. On one shoot 3-4 inflorescences. Has the ability to actively self-pollinated.
- The vine is tall. Ripens to half its length. It should be trimmed on the eighth eye. A short trim is also used.
- A bush with a large number of shoots that are fruitful. When fully ripe, the bush is often overwhelmed by the large weight of the clusters. It is necessary to constantly form the number of shoots.
- Blagovest, according to the winegrowers, transfers the temperature to 20. Indicators of -23 degrees Celsius were recorded, when this grape variety survived. Thanks to the right care measures for Blagovest, this variety will give 7 kg of berries from one bush.
Care of the Blagovest grade
This species has a high root height and fruitfulness, which give the kidneys. The dignity of this grape is the harvest on the stepsons. A variety of this plant is able to transfer pruning to a different number of eyes. Young grapes allocates 4 inflorescences. This indicates that the harvest will be large, even the bush will be overloaded. Such a number of inflorescences and the growth of the bush itself requires great strength from the gardener to care for this grape variety.
Pruning grapes - a mandatory stage of the garden work
For proper care of this plant, it is necessary to carry out a large number of measures aimed at the intensity of agrotechnology, rationing of the harvest, etc. If the care of the Blagovest is not appropriate, the result will be noticeable to the naked eye. Brushes of grapes can noticeably decrease in size, like berries, and the number of harvested fruits after its ripening is reduced by 3 times. The tastes of evangelism will also change. There is a risk that one of the two notes may disappear. To prevent such problems, it is customary to take mandatory measures, such as:
- a piece of excess shoots
- cleaning of extra inflorescences,
- removal of some berries, to ensure the growth of brushes.
The last item is optional. More often it will be interesting to those gardeners who have problems with the size of grown brushes, the description of such an example is most often done by gardeners with such problems.
Propensity to disease
This type of grape is not prone to frequent diseases. And not so often gives in to rot. There are two types of diseases that more often the rest have been noticed in Blagovest. This is Mildew and Oidium. The diseases are serious and require immediate treatment.
Mildew damages the green areas of the plant. On the bush formed oily discharge white. Thus, the plant dies and shrinks. To prevent the occurrence of such a disease, grapes should be planted in places where air circulation is relatively constant.
You should also constantly monitor the shoots and grape leaves, avoiding large clots. If the disease is already progressing, you will probably have to use chemicals to eliminate this terrible disease. This can be done by spraying the Bordeaux liquid. The procedure should be carried out frequently using a one and two percent solution.
Oidium - a disease that also affects the greenery of grapes. People call it an ashtray. In the presence of this disease, clusters of grapes, the berries themselves, are affected. They gradually shrink and crack. The fight against this disease is not a problem. It is necessary to clear the territory of the bush of weeds and residues of the vine. It should make a ventilated form of bushes. Use chemical preparations. To prevent oidium, the bushes are treated with solutions of ground or colloidal sulfur.
Description of grapes "Blagovest"
The Blagovest grape variety is the result of the work of the breeder Krainov V.N., who crossed the Talisman and Kishmish Radiant varieties.
"Blagovest" is early varietybecause it ripens in 110 - 125 days around the middle of August.
Bushes grow well, many shoots bear fruit. Flowers bisexual.
The clusters are large enough, the weight can reach up to 1 kg, cylindrical or conical, the density is average.
Fruits are large, the weight of one reaches 10 g, oval in shape, light yellow in color. The flesh is juicy, has a light nutmeg aroma, is fleshy, sweet, melts right in the mouth.
"Blagovest" can withstand a temperature drop of -23 23C. May be damaged by mildew and oidium, and is also subject to attack by wasps.
High yield, the weight of berries from one course can exceed 6 kg. Clusters taken off the course can be stored for a long time in a cool place, transportable.
Merits:
- great fruit taste
- early maturation
- high yield
- high frost resistance
- long shelf life
- well maintains transportation
disadvantages:
- affected by wasps, mildew and oidium
About the features of planting varieties
Planted seedlings "Blagovest" can be both in spring and autumn, because the small fluctuations in temperature he is not afraid.
For planting lignified seedlings are used, the root system of which is well developed and matured enough.
Before landing you need a little shorten the roots (до длины в 10 – 15 см), а также надрезать побег, оставляя два или три глазка.
Если же на саженце два и более побегов, то оставлять нужно самый крепкий. После этого корни окунают в глиняную болтушку. Далее необходимо выкопать ямы под каждый куст. Но, если Вы решили высаживать саженцы «Благовеста» весной, то ямы лучше выкопать осенью и удобрить в них почву.
A hole 80x80x80 cm is being dug under each future bush. A mixture of topsoil (which was obtained by digging holes), humus, wood ash and superphosphate (approximately 300 g) is poured at the bottom of each well.
On one hole there are 2 - 3 buckets of ash and humus. The thickness of this layer should be about 40 cm.
If it was not possible to prepare the pits in advance, then this fertile layer should be compacted very well. Otherwise, the roots simply do not reach him.
Next, a seedling is placed in the pit, which is filled up first with a fertile mixture (about 5–10 cm thick), and then with ordinary soil from the bottom of the pit.
No need to fill the pit completely. It is better to leave some kind of hole around the seedlings.
The height of such a hole should be at least 10 cm, and the diameter should be about 30 cm. After the planting is completed, the seedling needs to be watered and mulched. As for the distance between future bushes, it should be at least 2 meters so that the grapes are not crowded.
Tips for caring for "Blagovest"
Young annual bushes need regular wateringespecially in dry weather.
The first watering is done after planting, all subsequent ones should be carried out in 2 weeks.
The last time irrigation is done from 5 to 10 August.
In order for the soil to be properly soaked with moisture, you need to dig several holes 10 to 15 cm deep at a distance of 40 to 50 cm from the seedling in a circle. In these pits need to pour 4 - 5 buckets of water in a row.
Already more “adult” bushes need watering in quantities of 4–5 times per season.
The first spring watering should be done before the juice began to move along the shoots. If there was enough rain in the winter, you can not water the bushes. If not, then for each bush you need about 50 - 70 liters of water.
Similar watering must also be done 20 days before flowering. When the clusters have already formed, and the berries have grown to the size of peas, then the first summer watering should be done.
On one the bush must go not less than 60 liters of water. The next time the bushes need to be watered 3 weeks before ripening. Before the leaves fall off, it is necessary to make water-recharge irrigation for the winter with the calculation of 60 - 70 liters per bush.
Mulching plays an enormous role in the development of grape bushes.
The first time a circle with a radius of about 40 cm around the seedling is covered with mulch immediately after planting.
As materials for mulching used straw, fallen leaves, plants Batva, etc.
In addition to organic materials, you can use polyethylene or special materialsFor example, mulch paper. The main function of mulch is to retain moisture in the soil.
Shelter grapes for the winter is a necessary procedure. After all, the roots can be damaged by frost, which ultimately will lead to the death of the entire bush.
Therefore, the protection of grapes need to think in advance.
The most favorable time for shelter comes in the middle - the end of October, when there is no frost yet, but the temperature has already decreased sufficiently.
If the foliage has already crumbled from all the bushes, then it's time to “wrap up” the vineyard.
For this you can use both natural materials and artificial. Protect the bushes can be land, burlap, plastic wrap.
For shelter bushes need to be tied up lay on the ground, fasten with metal clips, but before that lay some material on the ground (plywood, slate) so that the vines do not touch the ground. Further, metal rods in the form of arcs are installed above the bushes and one or two layers of polyethylene are pulled over them.
In addition to the film on these arches can be pulled, for example, blankets. On the side of the covering material is powdered with earth to fix.
If the temperature in winter is not very low, the bushes can be covered with earth. To do this, the bush is "divided" in half, each half is connected and fixed on the ground.
Vines should be carefully sprinkled with earth, preferably with a slide. If snow falls, then the top snow is poured on the ground. Thus, heat and moisture will long remain in the ground. Before the shelter it is necessary to make watering irrigation.
The most favorable time for pruning is autumn, the beginning is mid-October.
Shortening shoots is not recommended in summer or spring, and even more so in winter. Since the shoots of grapes "Blagovest" can form many clusters, this can lead to excessive load on the bush. Therefore, an adult plant can leave an average of 25 - 30 young green shoots, that is, approximately 9 such shoots per 1 sq. M. square nutrition.
Weakened shoots must be removed so that they do not take energy from healthy branches. On vines should be 8 - 9 eyes.
If you need to prune the young seedlings, in the first year you need remove the matured vine, and after - just shorten it. When forming a bush, it is enough to leave 3 - 8 lower shoots that bear fruit, and from 2 to 5 buds.
The key to a good harvest will be regular feeding bushes. This procedure can be performed no more than 3 times during the active development of the bushes with an interval of one month.
In the first year after planting, it is not necessary to fertilize the land, as the top dressing was introduced during planting. In the second year in the spring, before they are almost completely dissolved, nitrogen fertilizers need to be applied along with organic matter.
This dressing is done with the calculation of 40 - 50 g of ammonium nitrate per 10 l of a solution of manure or compost.
In early summer, before flowering, you need to feed the earth with zinc, moles of potassium or superphosphate. After the harvest is collected, you need feed for the winter, namely to make superphosphate and potassium salts.
If a drainage system was installed during planting, then fertilizing is performed through it. If not, then you need to dig around the bush small holes 30 cm deep and fill them with fertilizer.
Blagovest grapes bushes can be badly damaged by wasps, mildew and oidium. Protection against wasps can serve as a special mesh, which you need to wrap already formed clusters.
Mildew leaves yellow oily spots on leaves of bushes. If gray dust appears on the leaves, the bushes are infected with oidium.
The methods of struggle are the same in both cases. 3 times the grapes need to be treated with fungicides (anthracol, gates and others). First, the bushes are sprayed, when the shoots have already grown enough (up to a length of 20 cm), the second time - before the flowers have blossomed, and the third time - after the end of flowering.
